Differential



July 21, 1925.

1,546,460 c. AN DRADE, JR

DIFFERENTIAL Filed Oct. 30 1922 A3 A1 A 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

July 21, 1925.

. 1,546,460 0. ANDRADE, JR

DIFFERENTIAL Filed Oct. 50, 1922 ZShe'ets-Sheet 2 7 I v I INVENTIOR. x v W QJLZIK a a a Patented July 21, 1925.

UNITEDSTATES CIPRIANO ANDRADE, JR., OF NEW YORK, N Y.

DIFFERENTIAL.

Application filed October 80, 1922. Serial No. 597,707.

To aZZ whom. it may concern. v

Be it known that I, OIPRIANO Arronnon, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at New York. in the county of New Yorkand State of New York, have invented a new and useful Differential, of which the follow ing is a specification.

My invention relates to roller locking differentials; and the objects of my invention are, to provide certain improvements over the differentials shown in my two preceding applications, Serial No. 584,346 filed August 25, 1922, Patent No. 1,471,642, and Serial No. 585,843 filed September 2, 1922, Patent No. 1,472,452, as follows:

First: to hold all the locking members, which engage the same driven member, at a constant circumferential distance from one another at all times; second, to insure posi-" tive and simultaneous locking andunlocking of all the rollers on the same driven member at all times.

I retain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sect-ion elevation of my entire device on the line B H of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is an end view of a part of the device taken on the line K L of Fig. 1; Fig.'

3 is a longitudinal section elevation'of the driving member A on the line R H. of Fig. 2,; Fig. 4 is an end view of driving member A: Fig. 5 is a bottom view of part Y of control member YZ Fig. 6 is a bottom view of part Z of control member YZ.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views. 7

A is the driving member, with circum ferential reenforcements A and A to withstand the radial thrust of the roller locking members Cand C when in contact with the driven members B and B A is a flange with bolt holes. The bolts which pass through these holes also pass through the flange of the usual master gear, space for which is provided at A, and said bolts then enter corresponding taps A in A A is a flange with bolt holes, the boltsfor which enter corresponding holes A in A A is an extension of flange A to lock the outer periphery of A and further reinforce it against radial extension. A are the ridges which mark the ends of the eccentric arcs A A are the centers of said eccentric arcs. V B

reference to Fig. 4 the lines M N and T mark the location of arc ends A and the line P K marks the location of arc centres A I v G is the centre ofthe rotative motion of the driving member A, and K is the centre of the eccentric arc A B is one of the driven members with keyway B 'to engagethe key on the end of one of the driven shafts, and recess Bfto provide room for washers and other usual devices between the ends of the driven shafts. B is the other driven member With keyway B and recess B? C are roller locklng members which engage 'drivingmember A and driven member B. 4 Roller locking members C rotate, on lugs-Z on part Z'of control member YZ. C are roller locking members which engage driving memberA and driven member B Roller. locking members 0 rotate on lugs Y on part Y, of control member YZ. Z isa lug on part Z which enters recess Y in part-Y, and which permits a limited circumferential motion of Y with relation to Z.

In Fig. 2, to facilitate the identification of the various members, the control member YZ is shown wholly in dotted lines. v 1

The prior art discloses differentials with a control member composed of two elements with limited circumferential play inrelation to each other. But in all such devices in the prior art, there is no disclosure of any attempt to positively hold the rollers on each driven member at a constant circumferential distance from one another. The terms constant circumferential distance and constant circumferential angle as used herein and in the claims are interchangeable and mean a substantially constant circumferential angular distance, with only such circumferential clearance between the rollers and the control element as is common in mechanical constructiomto permit easy surface motion between the adjoining parts, and at the same time to insure a positive and infallible simultaneous locking and unlocking of all the rollers which are controlled by each control element. This latter feature of my device is important, because'in all the structures disclosed in the prior art, it is possible for one of the rollers to look, while the others remain, unlocked, which case an enor-. mous radial thrust is developed by the one looked roller, which may indent or actually break the roller, or th driving member or the driven'member, and which in any case will cause a rigid locking" co tact between the driving? member the driven member either directly or through some third element andlthisrigid loo king contact renders the unlocking function diflicult.

WVlnle my drawings disclose absence oi direct circumferential contact between the h r and the d v i lmbe s- It will he observed by reference to Figs. d 2, t at lwha sh w th olle lo kinggmembers C'an d ctjincontact'both with @fi Y s'leembH A an when mi 11 6 3 end'B h l (a 'lt a re imen: $11

contactis not necessary in order to hold all th lqs ln 'im m ers, vhm s e th Sam d v n were, a onst n c rcum r from one a nother at all times,

said [result-"being achieved wholly by lugs and Z which are integral respectively it 90111 191 ha t Yafld Z- "Control memberYZ'panhe used to perform this particu- 1M 'filns ien i Combin on w h fld ins member, the centres of whose eccentric repa e ex e i 'lra a is anc rom th P riphery of the driven member, the [diameter 'ofthe roller locking members, asin mysaid an ;8; ,3.- One of the advantages of keeping all the e l .leqkiee emb s of each s [a the same circmnferenti al distance from one an other is 'that it distributes the radial out- Wei th us equal y to al iec nt i'c r u need ng anpligationsgser a S; 53%

a sess hich spree 1 th S me dr v member.

I Q'ne object of bringing all the roller ,loclringmemliers into constant contact with both rivi gand th i enni mh' is minimize the lqstunotion between the instant when the driving member .starts to ro tate'andfthe instant when the roller locking iilembfl f s me i d-fina locking on t both the driyi'ng member and the driven inember. The contact shown in Figsfl and 12 0 t eldra ine' s n t rigi as o p e- .c niie" th H rlQ' k ig mem e c r m r ta v m ion gains the e -fa es of B A nor to preclude the roller loclzing 'me'mhers C from rotative 'motion against as surfaces of B1 nd her he Pa are in the relative neutral po's'itionshown in Fig 1 ow v r, dr ing m mb A sa t to re a eit .slq kvi e r antic t will roll locking members 1C and C? a s t dlst emar v o t th s chang n .rherie 'sy i was new g-id lo king fcginta ctfa'nd thereuponall the differenf nctions asfully shown and described 1 11' Said arpli atie s o 8 ,34 and 5 3 555? any efinit It shoul h operat q .Q uv-deri e i ollow r bestatedthatthe necessary slight movement of the roller locking members toward the driven members may be allowed for in any suitable way,for instance in the form of construction just described by mounting the rollers on the lugs with a suflicient amount of play.

1. In a differential; a control member consisting of two elements adapted to limited circumferential motion relatively to one another, each element having lugs ,whose axes are parallel with the axis of the driven'memher; and roller lockingmemberseach hava longitudinal bore Which fits around the lugs on each of saidelements, whereby the roller locking memberspn each element are held at the same circumferential angle from each other. 1 =2. A differential comprising .a driving member and asdriven member, one of said members having a cylindrical locking surface with a multiplicity or are ,portionsieccentric thereto, the eccentric are surface 501? each of said arcwportions meeting the are surface of its adjoining arc portion, rollers in the areportions and a oontrol element for the rollers having connections with the rolli-ers, hut without substantial lost motion tween ,the rollers and control elements to compel said rollers to naintain a constant angular ,distance from one another.-

3- A iflere ial mpris g dri ing and driven members, a control member ,CQIlsisting of two adjacent .elementsihaving'roller axles rigidly attached thereto on opposite sides of the respective elements, each axle having snugly fitting thereon a locking roller, the distance between the surtaces of the rollers being less than the .diameter of 105 the rollers, means permitting said elements to have very limited circumferential motion relatively one to the other, the construction being such that-there is-nolost motion between a controlling member and its rollers, and the strain on the differential is distribut d eue lanes numbe o ro er 4. A differential comprising a driving member having locking surfaces extending from one side to the other of the driving member, a control member within the driving member consisting of two elements, rollme w-te by a h eme an oas i g {means between the rollers and theelements preventing lost motionbetween the rollers 1 and elements, means permitting a slightlost motion between the two elements, said rollers fitting within the hetorementioned locking surfaces, the distance between the exterior sur a e of th rdkrsbeine l ss than 1 the diameter of the rollers, and two driven members having cylindrical surfaces to contact with the surfaces of the rollers.

A fie t a .wmpri g a dr v n m mbe an a ven ember, he: drivin member having an interior cylindrical looking surface with a multiplicity of arc portions eccentric thereto extending from one side to the other of said driving member, the eccentric are surface of each of said are portions meeting the are surface of its adjoining aro portions, hollow rollers in the arc port-ions controlling elements for the rollers, each element having axes on which the rollers revolve, there being no substanl tial lost motion between the rollers and the control elements whereby said rollers are maintainedat a constant angular distance from one another.

CIPRIANO ANDRADE, JR. Witnesses:

ELEANOR HAIGHT, JAMES W. BAILEY. 

